Geotechnical Characterization of Fine-Grained Spoil Material from Surface Coal Mines

Coal mines produce large amounts of excavated waste soils, known as spoils. These materials can cover vast areas, are typically dumped in heaps without any treatment, and difficult to exploit for engineering purposes because their significant variability. Efficient exploitation spoil poses challenges, related mainly the involved degree uncertainty. A small number studies have attempted characterize geotechnical properties material; however, there remains a considerable gap understanding how deal with context sustainable development civil infrastructure design. In this work, systematic effort is made quantify uncertainty particular heap. Laboratory test results based on an extended investigation material originating from lignite coal gathered one database thoroughly analyzed. The reveal variability, which contrasted against data common while approach proposed characterization.